Headlines
Oil collapse, CPI breach, and trade gap widening defined the week.
Food's Share of Spending Rises as Income Falls
An IMF chart, built on USDA data, plots food spending as a share of GDP against food's share of total consumer spending. Poorer economies sit further up and further right on both scales.
- ▸Advanced economies hold the bottom-left corner. Food takes roughly 5 to 22 percent of consumer spending in that group, on food outlays worth under about 13 percent of GDP.
- ▸Emerging markets spread across the whole middle of the chart. Their markers run from about 11 percent of consumer spending to above 40 percent, and the group overlaps the advanced cluster at one end and the low-income band at the other.
- ▸Low-income developing countries occupy the top-right. Every marker in that group sits above roughly 29 percent of consumer spending, and the highest of them approach 55 percent.
A household that already spends half its money on food has no cheaper category to move into, so a price rise comes out of everything else it buys. The IMF places Bangladesh in the low-income group at the upper right of this chart. Food and beverages carry the largest single weight in the Bangladesh CPI basket, which is the same fact seen from the other side.
Food inflation belongs in the credit process, not only in the macro commentary. A price move reaches disposable income before it reaches any borrower's file, and the thinnest-buffer books — retail, microfinance-linked exposure, small-ticket SME — feel it first. A risk team reading food prices only off the monthly CPI print is working from the slowest signal available.
Policy & Rates (Bangladesh Bank)
Repo at 10.00% unchanged; CPI breach eliminates easing optionality.
WATCH
- ◆Post-ACU reserves print — $32.6B or lower
- ◆Next MPC signalling on 9.04% CPI
RISK
- ▼May CPI above 9.5% forces emergency tightening discussion
- ▼Post-ACU reserves below $33B compresses import-cover buffer
Banking
NPL at 35.73% and CAR at 1.56% — inert for seven prints running.
WATCH
- ◆FY26 budget recapitalisation allocation — session opens June 7
- ◆Q1 2026 BB disclosure — NPL movement at 1.56% CAR triggers PCA
RISK
- ▼Forced merger without backstop triggers counterparty cascade
- ▼Foreign-bank provisioning escalation broadens to full loan book
Seven consecutive prints of NPL at 35.73% and CAR at 1.56% confirm the system is in stasis — neither recovering nor deteriorating in reported figures. HSBC Bangladesh's 23% profit decline on higher loan-loss provisions marks a new phase: contagion reaching the foreign-bank tier, where provisioning discipline is stricter and losses cannot be deferred. The SIBL merger proceeding with ex-owners locked out is the restructuring playbook advancing, but without recapitalisation capital, forced mergers redistribute distressed assets rather than absorb them. Budget session opening June 7 is the next potential catalyst — the desk needs to see the FY26 recapitalisation allocation before repositioning. The ~BDT 1.4tn provisioning shortfall remains the central fact of BD banking.
FX & External
Deficit at -$3.14B; $3.76B remittance and $3.81B financial surplus offset.
External Flow Balance
WATCH
- ◆Post-ACU reserves — confirms $32.6B or lower
- ◆May trade data — whether $3B+ gap persists
RISK
- ▼Post-ACU reserves below $32B if June inflows lag
- ▼Persistent trade gap above $3B/month outpaces remittance
The trade gap widening 24% to -$3.14B anchored the week's external-sector narrative — imports outpacing the $3.17B export base by nearly 2:1. Reserves at $34.12B are pre-ACU; the $1.51B March-April settlement will mechanically compress them toward $32.6B, making next week's post-settlement print the key position driver. Remittance surging to $3.76B and financial account surplus at $3.81B Jul-Mar provide the structural offset keeping the peg defensible, but volatile inflow categories cannot be relied upon to cover a persistent trade deficit. USD/BDT held 122.75 through every session this week — the peg is intact at current reserve levels, but the margin narrows materially once ACU settlement clears.
DSE Markets
DSEX at 5,257 (Apr 21) — market data stale, no live sessions this period.
DSEX Index
WATCH
- ◆DSEX breach below 5,200 on elevated volume
- ◆Floor price regulatory decision on trapped large-caps
RISK
- ▼Continued turnover decay below 700cr signals institutional exit
- ▼Bank-sector repricing cascades into pledged-share haircuts
T-Bonds & T-Bills
5Y reverted to 10.23%; duration books recovered Monday's MTM losses.
BD Govt Yield Ladder
WATCH
- ◆Next 5Y auction demand — acceptance of 10.23%
- ◆364d at 10.69% — inversion risk vs 5Y
RISK
- ▼CPI at 9.04% may cap further rally below 10.25%
- ▼FY26 fiscal supply calendar may re-steepen the curve
Macro & Inflation
April CPI at 9.04% locks in war pass-through; credit growth anaemic at 6.03%.
WATCH
- ◆May CPI — spike or structural new base
- ◆BB monetary policy response to confirmed re-acceleration
RISK
- ▼CPI above 9.5% in May forces emergency MPC
- ▼Negative real deposit rates past -200bp trigger flight from term deposits
Remittance
Remittance surged ~30% to $3.76B — record monthly inflow.
WATCH
- ◆May remittance — confirms $3.76B as trend or seasonal spike
- ◆Gulf labour market and visa policy changes
RISK
- ▼Remittance volatility if $3.76B driven by one-off seasonal factors
- ▼Gulf oil price decline reducing diaspora earnings
Commodities
Commodity prices rangebound — gold elevated, LNG manageable for power sector.
LNG JKM
Fiscal
NBR YTD at BDT 2.88tn; govt borrowing at BDT 0.92tn ahead of budget.
WATCH
- ◆Budget session June 7 — recapitalisation and deficit targets
- ◆NBR May collection pace vs FY target
RISK
- ▼Revenue shortfall forces additional bank borrowing above BDT 1tn
- ▼Budget deficit overshoot steepens the yield curve
Iran War & Oil
Brent at $102.63 — war premium deflating, downstream relief confirmed Friday.
Brent Crude
WATCH
- ◆Brent weekly close below $100 — structural de-escalation signal
- ◆Tanker insurance normalisation — Lloyd's weekly print
RISK
- ▼Hormuz incident reversal reprices Brent to $120+ within hours
- ▼OPEC+ uncommitted on supply — floor risk remains
Brent's $11.37 decline from Monday's $114 peak to $102.63 was the week's dominant σ-move — a war-premium compression that mechanically reduces Bangladesh's monthly energy LC bill by ~$200M versus peak pricing. WTI broke below $100 mid-week and settled at $97.30. Downstream pass-through arrived Friday with the BDT 22/litre jet fuel cut — the first official price reduction this cycle, confirming the crude retreat is reaching end-users. The structural risk remains: tanker insurance is elevated, Hormuz passage risk is unchanged, and OPEC+ has made no additional supply commitment. The desk can extend energy LC tenors to 90 days for investment-grade counterparties while maintaining elevated cash margins on spot fuel purchases until Brent sustains below $100 for a full week.
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